System Introduction

The exchange of momentum, heat, and moisture between the Earth and the atmosphere plays a crucial role in the dynamic and thermodynamic processes of the atmosphere. Understand these processes, especially the quantitative understanding of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux,It is of great significance for weather and climate forecasting, water cycle process analysis, agriculture, and water resource management. The traditional methods for observing heat flux mainly include eddy related methods, Bowen ratio energy balance methods, and aerodynamic methods, but their scales are usually only single point or patch scales. The measurement scale of scintillation meters can be matched with pixel or grid scales such as surface flux remote sensing estimation models, land surface process models, hydrological models, etc., making them the best ground flux observation instruments for model validation.

the NetherlandsKipp & ZonenThe company has launchedLAS Mk IILarge aperture scintillation（Large Aperture Scintillometer）The emission wavelength is in the near-infrared band（850 nm）At this wavelength, scintillation meters are mainly sensitive to fluctuations caused by temperature in the atmosphere, so their calculations can be made100 mto4.5 kmThe average sensible heat flux within the range. Its measurement scale and grid scale of atmospheric models,And the pixel scale of satellite remote sensing matches well. howeverLASThe measurement of latent heat flux cannot be directly obtained, and its calculation needs to be combined with energy balance method.

GermanyRPGThe company has launchedMWSC 160Microwave scintillation meter, emitting wavelength in millimeters（mm）Band, this wavelength is sensitive to fluctuations in temperature and water vapor in the atmosphere, therefore, when combinedLASWhen used, sensible and latent heat fluxes can be obtained along the same path. This method of directly obtaining sensible heat flux and sensible heat flux is also known as the dual wavelength scintillation meter method, with the English name beingOptical-Microwave Scintillometer， approachOMSSystem.

System application

Ø Output parameter atmospheric refractive indexCn2, is an important indicator for studying the characteristics of boundary layer turbulence

Ø Used aloneLAS Mk II, can directly measure sensible heat flux（H）

Ø LASMk IIcombineMWSC 160, can directly measure sensible heat flux（H）And evapotranspiration (latent heat flux,LvE

） Ø

Install meteorological station equipment and measure wind speed, temperature, and atmospheric pressure values simultaneously Ø

Measurement parameters can be applied in fields such as agriculture, meteorology, hydrology, weather forecasting, energy balance, etcOMS

automatic weather station

Obtaining data on sensible heat flux and latent heat flux

Application examples

Mexico: Measuring agricultural evapotranspiration to provide reliable data support for daily irrigation and water resource managementEnvironment: Subtropical climate; Irrigation crops in farmland

Temperature and atmospheric pressure valuesGermany: Measuring summer sensible heat flux and latent heat flux; studyOMS

Application and performance of the system on non-uniform underlying surfaces