The system of high-performance liquid chromatography consists of several parts, including a reservoir, pump, injector, chromatographic column, detector, recorder, etc. The mobile phase in the reservoir is pumped into the system by a high-pressure pump, and the sample solution enters the mobile phase through the injector and is loaded into the chromatographic column (stationary phase) by the mobile phase. Due to the different distribution coefficients of each component in the sample solution in the two phases, when they move relative to each other in the two phases, they undergo repeated adsorption desorption distribution processes, resulting in significant differences in their movement speed. They are separated into individual components and flow out of the column in sequence. When passing through the detector, the sample concentration is converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the recorder, and the data is printed in the form of a spectrum.

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