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Double stage reverse osmosis pure water equipment
The production process of reverse osmosis pure water equipment may vary depending on the quality of the raw water. However, for water sources such as
Product details
The production process of reverse osmosis pure water equipment may vary depending on the quality of the raw water. However, for water sources such as municipal tap water and the vast majority of deep groundwater sources in China, the treatment process is basically the same. Through this process, the water quality can generally meet the standards of pure water. Below is a brief introduction to the role of each process in the system.
Double stage reverse osmosis process flow and schematic diagram
Raw water → Raw water tank → Raw water pump → Multi medium filter (quartz sand filter) → Activated carbon filter → Soft water processor (with scale inhibitor device added) → Precision filter → Boosting pump → Primary reverse osmosis (RO) device → Purified water tank → Purified water pump → Secondary reverse osmosis (RO) device → Aseptic water tank → Ultraviolet sterilization device (ozone sterilization device) → Water point
(Schematic diagram of two-stage reverse osmosis process flow)
Pure water equipmentProcess Description
1Raw water tank
1) Function: Overcome the instability of water supply in the pipeline network, ensuring stable and continuous water supply for the entire system; At the same time, it also provides long-term guarantee for various devices.
2) Selection: PE material or stainless steel material water tank.
3) Control: The water tank is equipped with a high water level float valve and a low water level switch. It has the advantages of low price, simple structure, and easy installation. When the water level is at a high level, the float valve closes and stops water intake. When the water level is at a low level, the high level float valve opens and begins to inject water into the water tank. At the same time, the low water level switch is disconnected, and the booster pump stops working.
2Raw water pump
1) Function: Provide working pressure for pre-processing equipment.
2) Selection: Determine the working pressure of the booster pump based on the design pressure drop of each pre-treatment equipment (maximum pressure drop of 0.05Mpa per filtration equipment) and the fact that the pressure before the high-pressure pump cannot be less than 0.5Kg/cm2.
3) Control: Use a regulating valve after the pump to adjust the pressure and inlet water volume.
3Multi media filter (quartz sand filter)
1) Function: The raw water first passes through a mechanical filter, in which 12-24 mesh quartz sand is placed to trap suspended impurities such as flocs and rust in the raw water during this process. Due to the mechanical filter intercepting suspended impurities during operation, it is necessary to regularly flush and backwash the filter to ensure its normal operation.
2) Selection: Use FRP material (fiberglass material), carbon steel anti-corrosion or stainless steel material containers.
3) Control: The backwashing operation of the mechanical filter adopts a manual controller, and the filter should be cleaned once a day for 10-20 minutes.
4Activated carbon filter
1) Function: This process uses an activated carbon filter as a pretreatment for the reverse osmosis device, which is important. The reverse osmosis system requires an inlet water index SDI ≤ 5 and residual chlorine<0.1mg/L. To meet its inlet requirements, it is necessary to further purify the raw water to achieve the inlet index of reverse osmosis. Installing a carbon filter in front of a reverse osmosis device has two main functions:
A、 Adsorb some organic matter in water with an adsorption rate of about 60%
B、 Adsorb residual chlorine in water. Inorganic colloids, organic colloids, and soluble organic polymer impurities with adsorption particle sizes of around 10-20 angstroms, as well as residual chlorine that is difficult to remove in sand filters. The reason why activated carbon can be used to adsorb active substances with particle sizes of around tens of angstroms is due to the presence of a large number of micropores and gaps with an average pore size of 20-50 angstroms in its structure. This structural characteristic of activated carbon allows its surface adsorption area to reach 500-2000m2/g. As the molecular diameter of organic compounds is generally slightly smaller than 20-50 angstroms, activated carbon has a strong adsorption effect on organic compounds. In addition, activated carbon has strong dechlorination ability. Due to the strong oxidizing properties of residual chlorine, it reacts with carbon to produce carbon dioxide and chloride ions, resulting in only a small amount of carbon loss. Therefore, activated carbon dechlorination can be used for a considerable period of time. Activated carbon not only has the above functions, but also can remove odors and pigments from water, improve water clarity. After a period of use, the adsorption capacity of activated carbon decreases and needs to be regenerated or replaced. So, after passing through the carbon filter, the raw water quality can be greatly improved, reducing pollution to the reverse osmosis membrane. The treated water quality can meet the requirements of the reverse osmosis device inlet water quality (residual chlorine<0.1mg/L).
2) Selection: Use fiberglass material, carbon steel anti-corrosion or stainless steel material containers, with an expansion rate of 40%.
3) Control: The control of the activated carbon filter adopts a manual controller. Due to the large amount of suspended impurities adsorbed by the activated carbon filter during operation, in order to ensure the normal operation of the system, flushing and backwashing must be carried out every day. The flushing process takes 15-30 minutes for cleaning.
5Fully automatic water softener or dosing device
1) Function: The process of removing hardness (Ca2+, Mg2+) from water is called softening. This equipment is filled with 001 × 7 strong acid Na ion exchange resin, which replaces calcium and magnesium ions in the raw water with sodium ions to reduce the residual hardness in the raw water to below 0.03mmol/L. The purpose of softening is to prevent scaling on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane, in order to extend its service life and treatment efficiency.
2) Selection: The water softener is a container made of fiberglass material
3) Control: The control system adopts the American automatic control valve type. According to the set time/flow rate, the control valve head can automatically regenerate resin, complete the salt absorption/backwashing, forward flushing/water injection process. The water softener is equipped with a regeneration tank, and the salt and water levels in the tank should be checked daily, and salt should be replenished in a timely manner (iodized salt and other salt with additives are prohibited).
6、Precision filter
1) Function: Precision filtration, also known as security filter. It is a treatment process for raw water before entering the reverse osmosis membrane device. PP melt blown filter element has the characteristics of high filtration flow rate, large pollutant capacity, and low pressure loss. It can block impurities of different particle sizes and integrate surface filtration and deep filtration. After using the precision filter for a period of time, there may also be blockage. Therefore, the PP melt blown filter element needs to be replaced after a period of time. The replacement basis is that the pressure difference before and after precision filtration should be replaced when it is between 0.05-0.1Mpa.
2) Selection: Choose stainless steel containers
7High pressure pump
1) Function: The high-pressure pump provides the working pressure for the required water production flow rate and water quality of the reverse osmosis system. Make the filtered water reach a pressure of about 10 kilograms after passing through the pump body to meet the inlet pressure of the membrane body and ensure the output of pure water.
2) Selection: According to the required working pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane, a Grundfos vertical multi-stage high-pressure pump is used.
3) Control: When the pointer of the raw water pressure gauge reaches 2KG, press the water production switch to start the high-pressure pump and begin water production. A pressure protection switch is installed in front of the high-pressure pump. When the inlet pressure is below 1KG, the pressure protection switch is turned off and the high-pressure pump stops working.
8、reverse osmosisDevice (Pure Water Device)
1) Function: The reverse osmosis device is the main part of the purified water production line. This device uses energy-saving composite membrane ESPA reverse osmosis membrane components from Heidelberg Corporation in the United States. The ESPA series is a high desalination rate desalination membrane for brackish water. High water flux can be achieved at lower operating pressures, with an average desalination rate of 99.5%. Due to the advantages mentioned above, ESPA membranes provide a wider range of space for the selection of supporting equipment such as water pumps, pressure vessels, pipelines, valves, etc. And using a motor with lower power can meet the needs of work. At the same time, the high water flux and high desalination rate of ESPA membranes greatly reduce equipment manufacturing costs and system equipment investment expenses, and can save a lot of energy, reduce system operating costs, and improve water quality.
2) The reverse osmosis device is designed with a water production temperature of 25 ℃ and a water utilization rate of 70%.
9Pure water tank (intermediate tank)
1) Function: Reserve reverse osmosis product water and provide stable water supply for the next level system operation.
2) Control: The water tank is equipped with high and low level switches to control the high-pressure pump and booster pump. When the balance water tank is at a low water level, the booster pump automatically starts to produce water. When the water tank is at a high water level, the high-pressure pump stops working.
10Pure water pump
1) Function: Provide necessary working pressure for the later stage mixed bed.
2) Control: Use a regulating valve to adjust the pressure and water intake after the pump (manual operation).
11Water tank (finished water tank)
1) Function: The mixed bed effluent enters the sterile water tank and is then sent to various water points through the water tank.
2) Control: The water tank is equipped with high and low level switches to control the water supply pump of the mixed bed. When the purified water tank is at a low water level, the mixed bed feedwater pump starts working to inject water into the purified water tank; When the water level is high, the mixed bed feedwater pump stops working.
12UV sterilizer
Function: Using 304 stainless steel material to sterilize ultraviolet lamps, which can effectively kill bacteria
13Testing instruments and meters
1) The reverse osmosis host is equipped with a pre membrane pressure gauge and a post membrane pressure gauge to detect the working pressure of the membrane, and is also equipped with a system path operation display. The fresh water flow meter and concentrated water flow meter detect the flow rates of concentrated and fresh water.
2) The reverse osmosis host is also equipped with a conductivity meter and a resistivity meter. Online detection of freshwater quality is both intuitive and convenient, allowing for real-time observation of changes in product water quality.
3) Pre processing is equipped with pressure gauges to observe the operation status of the equipment at any time and analyze its operation status.
14、Pure water equipmentApplication scope
1. Preparation of pure water and ultrapure water in industries such as electronics, industry, and food;
2. Purification and preparation water for process water/chemical circulating water in the textile and chemical industries, as well as for chemical product manufacturing;
3. Purification and preparation of water for food and beverage industry, purified drinking water, alcoholic beverages, etc;
4. Concentrate and recover useful substances from aqueous solutions in industrial production;
5. Pre desalination treatment of high-pressure boiler feedwater for enterprises in the power industry, thermal power generation boilers, and power systems for medium and low pressure boilers in factories and mines;
6. Desalination of brackish water and seawater;
7. Pure water equipment is used as a desalination device for high-purity water production;
8. Various types of enterprises and institutions with a large number of people, such as communities, real estate properties, schools, factories, hospitals, teahouses, hotels, beauty salons, canteens, etc;
9. Can be used for the production of bottled water, mineral water, and other bottled water;
10. Rinse water for electronic components such as integrated circuits, silicon chips, and display tubes in the electronic industry;
11. Water used in the pharmaceutical industry, such as infusion, injection, tablet, biochemical products, equipment cleaning, etc;
12. Desalination of seawater and brackish water in islands, ships, offshore drilling platforms, and brackish water areas;
13. Other process water such as household appliance coating, coated glass, cosmetics, fine chemicals, etc. use ultrapure water;
Double stage reverse osmosis process flow and schematic diagram
Raw water → Raw water tank → Raw water pump → Multi medium filter (quartz sand filter) → Activated carbon filter → Soft water processor (with scale inhibitor device added) → Precision filter → Boosting pump → Primary reverse osmosis (RO) device → Purified water tank → Purified water pump → Secondary reverse osmosis (RO) device → Aseptic water tank → Ultraviolet sterilization device (ozone sterilization device) → Water point
(Schematic diagram of two-stage reverse osmosis process flow)
Pure water equipmentProcess Description
1Raw water tank
1) Function: Overcome the instability of water supply in the pipeline network, ensuring stable and continuous water supply for the entire system; At the same time, it also provides long-term guarantee for various devices.
2) Selection: PE material or stainless steel material water tank.
3) Control: The water tank is equipped with a high water level float valve and a low water level switch. It has the advantages of low price, simple structure, and easy installation. When the water level is at a high level, the float valve closes and stops water intake. When the water level is at a low level, the high level float valve opens and begins to inject water into the water tank. At the same time, the low water level switch is disconnected, and the booster pump stops working.
2Raw water pump
1) Function: Provide working pressure for pre-processing equipment.
2) Selection: Determine the working pressure of the booster pump based on the design pressure drop of each pre-treatment equipment (maximum pressure drop of 0.05Mpa per filtration equipment) and the fact that the pressure before the high-pressure pump cannot be less than 0.5Kg/cm2.
3) Control: Use a regulating valve after the pump to adjust the pressure and inlet water volume.
3Multi media filter (quartz sand filter)
1) Function: The raw water first passes through a mechanical filter, in which 12-24 mesh quartz sand is placed to trap suspended impurities such as flocs and rust in the raw water during this process. Due to the mechanical filter intercepting suspended impurities during operation, it is necessary to regularly flush and backwash the filter to ensure its normal operation.
2) Selection: Use FRP material (fiberglass material), carbon steel anti-corrosion or stainless steel material containers.
3) Control: The backwashing operation of the mechanical filter adopts a manual controller, and the filter should be cleaned once a day for 10-20 minutes.
4Activated carbon filter
1) Function: This process uses an activated carbon filter as a pretreatment for the reverse osmosis device, which is important. The reverse osmosis system requires an inlet water index SDI ≤ 5 and residual chlorine<0.1mg/L. To meet its inlet requirements, it is necessary to further purify the raw water to achieve the inlet index of reverse osmosis. Installing a carbon filter in front of a reverse osmosis device has two main functions:
A、 Adsorb some organic matter in water with an adsorption rate of about 60%
B、 Adsorb residual chlorine in water. Inorganic colloids, organic colloids, and soluble organic polymer impurities with adsorption particle sizes of around 10-20 angstroms, as well as residual chlorine that is difficult to remove in sand filters. The reason why activated carbon can be used to adsorb active substances with particle sizes of around tens of angstroms is due to the presence of a large number of micropores and gaps with an average pore size of 20-50 angstroms in its structure. This structural characteristic of activated carbon allows its surface adsorption area to reach 500-2000m2/g. As the molecular diameter of organic compounds is generally slightly smaller than 20-50 angstroms, activated carbon has a strong adsorption effect on organic compounds. In addition, activated carbon has strong dechlorination ability. Due to the strong oxidizing properties of residual chlorine, it reacts with carbon to produce carbon dioxide and chloride ions, resulting in only a small amount of carbon loss. Therefore, activated carbon dechlorination can be used for a considerable period of time. Activated carbon not only has the above functions, but also can remove odors and pigments from water, improve water clarity. After a period of use, the adsorption capacity of activated carbon decreases and needs to be regenerated or replaced. So, after passing through the carbon filter, the raw water quality can be greatly improved, reducing pollution to the reverse osmosis membrane. The treated water quality can meet the requirements of the reverse osmosis device inlet water quality (residual chlorine<0.1mg/L).
2) Selection: Use fiberglass material, carbon steel anti-corrosion or stainless steel material containers, with an expansion rate of 40%.
3) Control: The control of the activated carbon filter adopts a manual controller. Due to the large amount of suspended impurities adsorbed by the activated carbon filter during operation, in order to ensure the normal operation of the system, flushing and backwashing must be carried out every day. The flushing process takes 15-30 minutes for cleaning.
5Fully automatic water softener or dosing device
1) Function: The process of removing hardness (Ca2+, Mg2+) from water is called softening. This equipment is filled with 001 × 7 strong acid Na ion exchange resin, which replaces calcium and magnesium ions in the raw water with sodium ions to reduce the residual hardness in the raw water to below 0.03mmol/L. The purpose of softening is to prevent scaling on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane, in order to extend its service life and treatment efficiency.
2) Selection: The water softener is a container made of fiberglass material
3) Control: The control system adopts the American automatic control valve type. According to the set time/flow rate, the control valve head can automatically regenerate resin, complete the salt absorption/backwashing, forward flushing/water injection process. The water softener is equipped with a regeneration tank, and the salt and water levels in the tank should be checked daily, and salt should be replenished in a timely manner (iodized salt and other salt with additives are prohibited).
6、Precision filter
1) Function: Precision filtration, also known as security filter. It is a treatment process for raw water before entering the reverse osmosis membrane device. PP melt blown filter element has the characteristics of high filtration flow rate, large pollutant capacity, and low pressure loss. It can block impurities of different particle sizes and integrate surface filtration and deep filtration. After using the precision filter for a period of time, there may also be blockage. Therefore, the PP melt blown filter element needs to be replaced after a period of time. The replacement basis is that the pressure difference before and after precision filtration should be replaced when it is between 0.05-0.1Mpa.
2) Selection: Choose stainless steel containers
7High pressure pump
1) Function: The high-pressure pump provides the working pressure for the required water production flow rate and water quality of the reverse osmosis system. Make the filtered water reach a pressure of about 10 kilograms after passing through the pump body to meet the inlet pressure of the membrane body and ensure the output of pure water.
2) Selection: According to the required working pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane, a Grundfos vertical multi-stage high-pressure pump is used.
3) Control: When the pointer of the raw water pressure gauge reaches 2KG, press the water production switch to start the high-pressure pump and begin water production. A pressure protection switch is installed in front of the high-pressure pump. When the inlet pressure is below 1KG, the pressure protection switch is turned off and the high-pressure pump stops working.
8、reverse osmosisDevice (Pure Water Device)
1) Function: The reverse osmosis device is the main part of the purified water production line. This device uses energy-saving composite membrane ESPA reverse osmosis membrane components from Heidelberg Corporation in the United States. The ESPA series is a high desalination rate desalination membrane for brackish water. High water flux can be achieved at lower operating pressures, with an average desalination rate of 99.5%. Due to the advantages mentioned above, ESPA membranes provide a wider range of space for the selection of supporting equipment such as water pumps, pressure vessels, pipelines, valves, etc. And using a motor with lower power can meet the needs of work. At the same time, the high water flux and high desalination rate of ESPA membranes greatly reduce equipment manufacturing costs and system equipment investment expenses, and can save a lot of energy, reduce system operating costs, and improve water quality.
2) The reverse osmosis device is designed with a water production temperature of 25 ℃ and a water utilization rate of 70%.
9Pure water tank (intermediate tank)
1) Function: Reserve reverse osmosis product water and provide stable water supply for the next level system operation.
2) Control: The water tank is equipped with high and low level switches to control the high-pressure pump and booster pump. When the balance water tank is at a low water level, the booster pump automatically starts to produce water. When the water tank is at a high water level, the high-pressure pump stops working.
10Pure water pump
1) Function: Provide necessary working pressure for the later stage mixed bed.
2) Control: Use a regulating valve to adjust the pressure and water intake after the pump (manual operation).
11Water tank (finished water tank)
1) Function: The mixed bed effluent enters the sterile water tank and is then sent to various water points through the water tank.
2) Control: The water tank is equipped with high and low level switches to control the water supply pump of the mixed bed. When the purified water tank is at a low water level, the mixed bed feedwater pump starts working to inject water into the purified water tank; When the water level is high, the mixed bed feedwater pump stops working.
12UV sterilizer
Function: Using 304 stainless steel material to sterilize ultraviolet lamps, which can effectively kill bacteria
13Testing instruments and meters
1) The reverse osmosis host is equipped with a pre membrane pressure gauge and a post membrane pressure gauge to detect the working pressure of the membrane, and is also equipped with a system path operation display. The fresh water flow meter and concentrated water flow meter detect the flow rates of concentrated and fresh water.
2) The reverse osmosis host is also equipped with a conductivity meter and a resistivity meter. Online detection of freshwater quality is both intuitive and convenient, allowing for real-time observation of changes in product water quality.
3) Pre processing is equipped with pressure gauges to observe the operation status of the equipment at any time and analyze its operation status.
14、Pure water equipmentApplication scope
1. Preparation of pure water and ultrapure water in industries such as electronics, industry, and food;
2. Purification and preparation water for process water/chemical circulating water in the textile and chemical industries, as well as for chemical product manufacturing;
3. Purification and preparation of water for food and beverage industry, purified drinking water, alcoholic beverages, etc;
4. Concentrate and recover useful substances from aqueous solutions in industrial production;
5. Pre desalination treatment of high-pressure boiler feedwater for enterprises in the power industry, thermal power generation boilers, and power systems for medium and low pressure boilers in factories and mines;
6. Desalination of brackish water and seawater;
7. Pure water equipment is used as a desalination device for high-purity water production;
8. Various types of enterprises and institutions with a large number of people, such as communities, real estate properties, schools, factories, hospitals, teahouses, hotels, beauty salons, canteens, etc;
9. Can be used for the production of bottled water, mineral water, and other bottled water;
10. Rinse water for electronic components such as integrated circuits, silicon chips, and display tubes in the electronic industry;
11. Water used in the pharmaceutical industry, such as infusion, injection, tablet, biochemical products, equipment cleaning, etc;
12. Desalination of seawater and brackish water in islands, ships, offshore drilling platforms, and brackish water areas;
13. Other process water such as household appliance coating, coated glass, cosmetics, fine chemicals, etc. use ultrapure water;
14. Water used in the electroplating industry, such as cleaning workpieces and tank solutions.
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